The pH value of iron oxide in water typically ranges from 5.5 to 8.2, with an optimum level of 6.5. The zeta potential of iron oxide particles, which measures their surface charge, decreases as the pH increases from 2 to 8, and the point of zero charge (PZC) is observed around pH 6-7. This means that particle aggregation is more likely to occur when the pH is close to neutral, which can affect the size and stability of the particles in suspension.
Understanding the Solubility of Iron (III) Oxide in Water
When it comes to the solubility of iron (III) oxide in water, it is generally insoluble, but adding an acid like HCl can react with the oxide and form a soluble iron salt. The solubility of iron (III) oxide depends on various factors, such as the type of acid used, its concentration and amount, and the reaction time.
In natural waters, ferric iron can be present in excess of 0.01 ppm only as a suspension of oxide or hydroxide, especially in aerated waters whose pH is above about 5. The solubility product of Fe(OH)3 is the dominant factor in the solubility calculation throughout much of the pH range.
The Presence of Iron in Drinking Water
Regarding the presence of iron in drinking water, it is not hazardous to health but is considered a secondary or aesthetic contaminant. Essential for good health, iron helps transport oxygen in the blood, and most tap water in the United States supplies approximately 5 percent of the dietary requirement for iron. However, dissolved ferrous iron can give water a metallic taste and cause stains and deposits on fixtures, tableware, and laundry, even at concentrations as low as 0.3 mg/L.
Addressing Iron Problems in Water
To address an iron problem in water, it is essential to determine the source and extent of the issue through laboratory analysis, focusing on iron bacteria, pH, alkalinity, and hardness. Treatment methods for various forms of iron include:
- Chemical Oxidation
- Filtration
- Ion Exchange
Conclusion
In summary, the pH value of iron oxide in water typically ranges from 5.5 to 8.2, with an optimum level of 6.5. The solubility of iron (III) oxide in water is generally low, but it can increase when an acid is added. Iron in drinking water is not hazardous to health but can cause aesthetic issues like metallic taste and stains. Determining the source and extent of the iron problem and choosing appropriate treatment methods are crucial for addressing this issue.
References:
– Camachem (n.d.). What is Iron Oxide? FAQ. Retrieved from https://camachem.com/blog/post/frequentl
– Wang, X., Chen, L., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, L. (2016). Application of Iron Oxide as a pH-dependent Indicator for Monitoring the Acidification Process in Soil. NCBI. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4967720/
– Chemistry.SE (2017). Does the solubility of iron (iii) oxide increase when the pH of the water it is dissolved in increases? Retrieved from https://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/65538/does-the-solubility-of-iron-iii-oxide-increase-when-the-ph-of-the-water-it-is
– USGS (1981). Chemistry of Iron in Natural Water. Retrieved from https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1459a/report.pdf
– IDPH (n.d.). Iron in Drinking Water. Retrieved from http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/factsheets/ironFS.htm
– ResearchGate (n.d.). Zeta-potential of iron oxide particles at different pH levels. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Zeta-potential-of-iron-oxide-particles-at-different-pH-levels_fig2_305742068